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The rise of e-commerce is not only transforming consumption patterns, but also reshaping urban mobility and the associated logistics. In this context, last-mile delivery has become one of the main operational challenges for cities, driven by the growing demand for fast deliveries, increasing traffic congestion, and the need to transition towards more sustainable models. This article analyses how the integration of existing transport infrastructures \u2014such as metro networks\u2014 together with advanced planning and tracking systems can offer an innovative solution to optimise routes, reduce emissions<\/strong><\/a>, and improve operational efficiency, strengthening the connection between ports, urban environments, and consumers.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The rise of e-commerce <\/strong>has transformed not only consumption patterns<\/strong> but also how cities move.<\/strong> This revolution is reshaping supply chains<\/strong>, bringing port operations<\/strong> and urban Logistics<\/strong> into closer alignment (UNCTAD, 2024). On a daily basis, millions of orders must be transported along these corridors to reach consumers in a timely, flexible and sustainable manner<\/strong>. Withing this framework, the last-mile<\/strong>, the final stage between logistics centres and the end customer, has emerged as one of the most significant operational challenges<\/strong>, as urban congestion<\/strong> and the pressure for immediate delivery <\/strong>place considerable strain on traditional road-based transport models (European Commission, 20211; ITF, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n The simultaneous growth of e-commerce and urban population <\/strong>is concentrating logistics demand<\/strong> in densely populated areas, where space is limited and mobility is further constrained by traffic<\/strong> and by essential emissions-reduction policies<\/strong> aimed at mitigating climate change<\/strong> (Sales et al., 2024; UN, 2024). More than half of the global population currently resides in urban areas, and this proportion is expected to continue rising, intensifying pressure on urban transport networks<\/strong> (World Bank, 2024). <\/p>\n\n\n\n Under these conditions, conventional systems based on lorries and delivery vans are facing increasing challenges in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness and sustainability. This is driving operators to explore solutions that integrate digital innovation, operational efficiency<\/a> and environmental and social responsibility<\/strong> (Dampier et al., 2015; Athanasopoulos et al., 2024; Zhang et al., 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n A promising alternative lies in the strategic utilization of existing transport infrastructure<\/strong> to move goods efficiently, directly linking the port-hinterland supply chain<\/strong> with urban areas<\/strong>. This approach combines multimodal transport<\/strong> with a more sustainable and resilient last-mile<\/strong> capable of withstanding disruptions and congestion. <\/p>\n\n\n\n